Utilization of Artificial Intelligence-Based Information Systems (Google Gemini) in Improving ASN Understanding of Technology Use in East Kutai Regency: A Qualitative Approach

Abstract

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has become a critical driver of digital transformation across sectors, including public administration. In Indonesia, the need for civil servants (Aparatur Sipil Negara/ASN) to adapt to technology is growing as the government pushes for the modernization of services, digital governance, and smart bureaucracy. However, the gap in digital literacy, especially in regional and rural areas, continues to hinder optimal technology adoption. This study focuses on how AI tools—particularly Google Gemini, a cutting-edge generative AI developed by Google—are being utilized to support and enhance the technological comprehension of ASN in Kutai Timur Regency, East Kalimantan. The research addresses the urgent question of how AI can function not just as a digital tool, but as an intelligent assistant to bridge knowledge gaps and empower public servants in regions with limited access to formal ICT training. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted through in-depth interviews with selected ASN from various sub-district offices and public service departments in Kutai Timur. The participants represented a diversity of roles, ages, and levels of digital exposure. Additionally, observational data were collected by examining how respondents used Google Gemini in real-world scenarios, such as composing official documents, solving technical problems, or learning how to operate government applications. The analysis was structured using the interactive model of Miles,(Matthew B. Miles et al., 2020), which involves data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings indicate that AI-based tools like Google Gemini have become increasingly relevant in the daily workflows of technologically motivated ASN. Respondents noted that Gemini provided accurate, quick, and accessible responses to their queries, significantly reducing dependence on IT personnel and simplifying tasks such as writing memos, converting formal letters, or searching for digital regulations. Furthermore, the tool helped promote independent learning and fostered a sense of self-efficacy, particularly among mid-career ASN who lacked formal digital training. Nevertheless, the study also found that certain structural and psychological barriers remain: some ASN were hesitant to rely on AI due to concerns over data privacy, algorithmic trust, English language limitations, and the lack of official endorsement or training from their institutions. Internet connectivity also emerged as a persistent challenge in remote sub-districts.

This study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital innovation in the public sector by illustrating how AI tools can act as enablers of capacity building, not only as passive applications but as active, interactive learning companions for civil servants. The research calls for policy-level interventions such as AI literacy training, localized content development, and formal integration of AI platforms into government information systems. By harnessing AI effectively, local governments can address digital inequality and accelerate the readiness of their workforce for the demands of e-governance and public sector modernization.